Class 12 Maths Chapter 13: Probability Assertion-reason questions with answers
2 assertion-reason questions on Probability, each with its answer and the reason, written from the NCERT chapter. For the CBSE board and JEE Main, which are set from the same NCERT chapter. Open a question's solution to check your working; then take the free test to find your next chapter. Each question gives an Assertion (A) and a Reason (R); choose how they stand to each other.
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Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
From P(F|E) = P(E ∩ F)/P(E) and P(E|F) = P(E ∩ F)/P(F), both products equal P(E ∩ F), which is exactly why they are equal. A and R are true, and R explains A.
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Answer: (c) A is true, but R is false.
E′ and F′ are independent when E and F are, so P(E′ ∩ F′) = 0.4 × 0.5 = 0.2: A is true. R is false: for independent events P(E ∪ F) = P(E) + P(F) − P(E) P(F); the sum rule without the last term holds for mutually exclusive events.